# Track H — Volume, Range & Volatility-Regime signals (BTC/ETH, certified, >=12h)

**Date:** 2026-06-19
**Script:** `scripts/research/trackH_volume_vol.py` (runnable, self-contained)
**Question:** does any volume / range / volatility-regime signal ADD to the deployed winner
TP01 (vol-targeted trend portfolio, 12h, Sharpe ~1.32) — i.e. net-positive OOS on BOTH BTC &
ETH AND uncorrelated (|corr|<~0.3) — OR work as a regime filter that lifts TP01's Sharpe / cuts
its DD?

## Method (honest)
- Same causal per-bar engine as `TrendPortfolio.net_returns`: build a continuous TARGET decided
  with data `<= close[i]`, HOLD it during bar `i+1` (`pos_held[t]=target[t-1]`), gross = pos×ret,
  fee on `|Δpos|`. Identical in spirit to `harness.backtest_signals` (decide≤close[i], fill at
  close[i]); two discrete signals cross-checked through `backtest_signals` directly.
- All features (volume z-score, OBV, ranges, realized vol) use prior/rolling windows shifted so
  bar `i` sees only `<= i`. 12h/1d resampled from certified 1h via `resample_tf` (label='left'),
  consumed index-based with the +1 hold → no open-label leak.
- Fee 0.10% RT baseline + sweep 0.00–0.40% RT. OOS 65/35 + per-year. Grid on BOTH assets.
  Turnover and correlation-to-TP01 reported for every signal.
- **>=12h only** (12h + 1d). Sub-12h excluded per the standing lesson (fees + HF-noise overfit +
  the 4h open-label look-ahead trap).

## Signals tested
VT-long (volatility-managed long), VolBreakout (volume-z-confirmed Donchian), OBV-trend,
VW-mom (volume-weighted momentum), RangeExpand (range-expansion breakout), NR7-break
(narrowest-range breakout), DeclVolRev (declining-volume fade/reversal). Plus regime overlays on
TP01: keep-low-vol, keep-high-vol, vol-managed ×1.5, OBV-up confirmation.

## Results (12h headline, fee 0.10% RT)
| signal | corr→TP01 | OOS Sharpe BTC/ETH | note |
|---|---|---|---|
| VT-long | 0.66 / 0.69 | 0.80 / 0.14 | trend-in-disguise; weak OOS ETH |
| VolBreakout | 0.69 / 0.71 | 0.54 / 0.49 | profitable but correlated |
| OBV-trend | 0.61 / 0.63 | 0.96 / 0.68 | profitable but correlated; turnover ~75/yr |
| VW-mom | 0.64 / 0.67 | 0.98 / 0.74 | basically TSMOM; correlated |
| RangeExpand | 0.48 / 0.49 | 0.37 / 1.04 | lower corr but BTC weak; ETH negative on 1d |
| NR7-break | 0.48 / 0.49 | 0.79 / 0.02 | fails OOS on ETH |
| DeclVolRev | -0.15 / -0.11 | -1.15 / -0.44 | **negative even at zero fee** |

Grid robustness (12h, % cells positive full+OOS on both assets): VW-mom 100%, VT-long 100%,
VolBreakout 96%, RangeExpand 96%, OBV-trend 75% — but the robust ones are precisely the ones
that are highly correlated to TP01. Fee sweep: trend-family signals survive to 0.40% RT;
DeclVolRev gets worse with fees (it trades constantly).

## Regime filters on TP01 (12h, 50/50 portfolio)
| variant | full Sharpe | OOS Sharpe | maxDD | CAGR | turn/y |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| **TP01 baseline** | **1.32** | 0.90 | 13.3% | 16.2% | 11.5 |
| × keep LOW-vol | 0.94 | 1.11 | 14.1% | 7.7% | 9.5 |
| × keep HIGH-vol | 0.98 | 0.18 | 9.9% | 7.9% | 4.9 |
| × vol-managed ×1.5 | 1.33 | 0.96 | 17.9% | 18.1% | 15.4 |
| × OBV-up only | 1.49 | 1.04 | 10.1% | 14.4% | 18.2 |

OBV-up filter across EMA span: full Sharpe 1.49–1.52 (span 15–30), DD 7–10%, but OOS gain is
marginal (0.90→1.04 at span 30) and fades for span≥45 (OOS 0.69–0.73). It cuts ~2pp CAGR and
raises turnover ~60%.

## Verdict (honest)
- **No uncorrelated additive edge exists.** Every *profitable* volume/range/vol signal is trend
  in disguise (corr 0.61–0.75 to TP01) → cannot raise the 50/50 portfolio Sharpe. The genuinely
  lower-corr signals (RangeExpand, NR7 ~0.48) fail OOS on at least one asset.
- **Mean-reversion / declining-volume fade is dead** — negative net AND at zero fee on both
  assets. Reconfirms the v2.0.0 contamination lesson; MR is not a real edge on certified data.
- **Vol-regime gating hurts** (keep-low / keep-high both drop Sharpe to ~0.95). The vol-managed
  overlay is Sharpe-neutral but DD-worse.
- **The only non-harmful overlay is OBV-up trend-confirmation:** it cuts DD (13.3%→10.1%) and
  nudges full Sharpe to ~1.49, but it is trend double-confirmation (de-risking), not new alpha;
  it costs CAGR, raises turnover, and the OOS Sharpe gain is within noise and span-sensitive. It
  is worth keeping in mind as a **defensive DD overlay**, not as a Sharpe improver.
- **Bottom line:** the ~1.3 portfolio-Sharpe ceiling on BTC/ETH-only **holds**. TP01 stays the
  deployable winner. Volume/range/vol add nothing uncorrelated.